Inverted perovskite solar cells using dimethylacridine

Nature (2023)Cite this article

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Doping of perovskite semiconductor1 and passivation of its grain boundaries2 remain challenging but essential for advancing high-efficiency perovskite solar cells. Particularly, that's crucial to build the perovskite/indium tin oxide (ITO) Schottky contact based inverted devices without pre-depositing a layer of hole-transport material3-5. Here we report a dimethylacridine-based molecular doping process to construct a well matched p-perovskite/ITO contact along with all-round passivation of grain boundaries, achieving a certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.39%. The molecules are shown to be extruded from the precursor solution to the grain boundaries and the film bottom surface in the chlorobenzene-quenched crystallization process, which we call a molecule-extrusion process. The core coordination complex between the deprotonated phosphonic acid group of the molecule and lead polyiodide of perovskite is responsible for both mechanical absorption and electronic charge transfer, and leads to p-type doping of the perovskite film. We achieve a champion device with a PCE of 25.86% (reverse scan), and devices that maintain 96.6% of the initial PCE after 1000 h light soaking.

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These authors contributed equally: Qin Tan, Zhaoning Li

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Innovative Materials (I2M), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Full Spectral Solar Electricity Generation (FSSEG), Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Rd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China

Qin Tan, Zhaoning Li, Guangfu Luo, Xusheng Zhang, Guocong Chen, Han Gao, Dong He, Guoqiang Ma, Jiafeng Wang, Jingwei Xiu, Huqiang Yi & Zhubing He

Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96,Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui, China

Bo Che & Tao Chen

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Correspondence to Zhubing He.

This Supplementary Information file contains detailed Materials and Methods, Supplementary Text, Supplementary Figs. 1 to 38, and Supplementary Tables 1 to 8.

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Tan, Q., Li, Z., Luo, G. et al. Inverted perovskite solar cells using dimethylacridine-based dopants. Nature (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06207-0

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Received: 09 December 2022

Accepted: 12 May 2023

Published: 24 May 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06207-0

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